Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

Which of the following best describes a scientific theory?

• A. A tested hypothesis
• B. An assumption based on intuition
• C. An accepted explanation based on extensive evidence
• D. A personal belief about science

Answer: (C)

A scientific theory is best described as an accepted explanation based on extensive evidence. This means that a theory has undergone rigorous testing and validation through various experiments and observations, leading to a consensus in the scientific community. Theories are not mere guesses or assumptions; they are comprehensive frameworks that help us understand complex phenomena in nature. For example, the theory of evolution is supported by a vast amount of evidence from genetics, fossil records, and comparative anatomy, making it a well-established explanation for the diversity of life on Earth. This extensive backing distinguishes theories from less substantiated ideas or beliefs. In contrast, a tested hypothesis refers specifically to a proposed explanation that has been experimentally validated but may not yet reach the broader acceptance necessary to become a theory. Assumptions based on intuition and personal beliefs do not hold up in scientific discourse, as they lack empirical support and objective validation. Thus, the defining characteristic of a scientific theory is its foundation in substantial, credible evidence.

A scientific theory is best described as an accepted explanation based on extensive evidence. This means that a theory has undergone rigorous testing and validation through various experiments and observations, leading to a consensus in the scientific community. Theories are not mere guesses or assumptions; they are comprehensive frameworks that help us understand complex phenomena in nature.

For example, the theory of evolution is supported by a vast amount of evidence from genetics, fossil records, and comparative anatomy, making it a well-established explanation for the diversity of life on Earth. This extensive backing distinguishes theories from less substantiated ideas or beliefs.

In contrast, a tested hypothesis refers specifically to a proposed explanation that has been experimentally validated but may not yet reach the broader acceptance necessary to become a theory. Assumptions based on intuition and personal beliefs do not hold up in scientific discourse, as they lack empirical support and objective validation. Thus, the defining characteristic of a scientific theory is its foundation in substantial, credible evidence.